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ARACHNIDS
Arachnids are invertebrates that have eight legs. Spiders, mites, scorpions and ticks are all arachnids. These invertebrates have no wings or antennae.
BASAL LAMINA
Extracellular matrix secreted by epithelial cells. Found on the integument of insects.
CARNOY’S FIXATIVE
A tissue fixative comprised of ethanol, acetic acid and chloroform. Used for glycogen preservation and nucleic acids. This fixative is sometimes used for insect tissue.
CD45
Cluster of differentiation 45. A tyrosine phosphatase. Sometimes used to identify osteoblasts.
CD68
Cluster of differentiation glycoprotein. Used for osteoclast differentiation in IHC assays.
CHILOPODA
Class of arthropods that comprises Centipedes.
CHITINASES
Enzymes responsible for breaking down chitinous exoskeletons.
COLEOPTERA
The order of insects that comprises beetles. This is the largest insect order with the highest number of known species.
COLLAGEN I
The most abundant type of collagen. Found in skin, tendon, scar tissue, bones & teeth.
COLLAGEN II
Found in hyaline cartilage.
COLLAGEN III
Produced by growing fibroblasts and found in granulation tissue.
COLLAGEN IV
The collagen of basil lamina.
DICTYOPTERA
Insect order that comprises: Cockroaches, Mantids and Termites.
DIPTERA
Insect order that contains flies and mosquitos. Species in this order contain a single pair of wings.
FORMALIN
A saturated solution of formaldehyde (usually a 10% solution). Primarily a commercial preparation that includes a small amount of methanol.
HYMENOPTERA
The order of insects that comprises ants, bees, sawflies and wasps.
IHC
Acronym for immunohistochemistry.
ISH
Acronym for In situ hybridization.
MELANIN (INSECT)
An insoluble polymer derived from amino acids that produce dark pigments in insects.
MESOTHELAE
A suborder of spider only found in parts of southeastern Asia and Japan.
MINERAL APPOSITION RATE (MAR)
A derived parameter used to gauge bone formation.
MYOBLASTS
Muscle forming cells.
MYOCYTES
The principle cells of muscles.
OPISTHOTHELAE
Suborder of spiders of which most spiders belong.
ORTHOPTERA
Order of insects comprising crickets and grasshoppers.
OSTEOBLASTS
Bone cells responsible for bone formation.
OSTEOCYTES
Mature bone cells located in bone matrix.
PARAFORMALDEHYDE
A polymer or condensation product of formaldehyde.
PEDICEL
The stem-like structure supporting an organ. In spiders, this structure connects the prosoma and opisthosoma.
PROTEOGLYCAN
Proteoglycans are a class of glycoprotein. They are a found in animal extracellular matrix. Examples: Cartilage and skin.
RNAI
RNA interference which assists in gene control and activity.
SEM
Acronym for Scanning Electron Microscopy.
TARSUS
The most distal segment of the legs ,which bears the foot and claw at the tip.
TEM
Acronym for Transmission Electron Microscopy.
TENOCYTES
The collagen producing cells in tendons.
TRIGLYCERIDE
In insects, triglycerides are the lipid-storing organs.